| Walter Roland | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 20, 1902 or December 4, 1903 Ralph, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States.[1] |
| Died | October 12, 1972 Fairfield, Alabama, United States[1] |
| Genres | Blues, boogie-woogie, jazz[2] |
| Occupations | Pianist, singer, guitarist, songwriter |
| Instruments | Piano, guitar, vocals |
| Years active | 1920s–1935 |
| Labels | ARC, Banner Records |
Walter Roland was an American blues, boogie-woogie and jazz pianist, guitarist and singer, noted for his association with Lucille Bogan, Josh White and Sonny Scott.[2] Music journalist, Gérard Herzhaft, stated that Roland was "a great piano player... as comfortable in boogie-woogies as in slow blues." "Roland - with his manner of playing and his singing - was direct and rural," Herzhaft added.[3]
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Roland was born in Ralph, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, on either December 20, 1902 (according to his Social Security documentation) or December 4, 1903 (according to his death certificate).[1] He started playing on the Birmingham blues circuit in the 1920s. A competent and versatile pianist, his range covered slow blues to upbeat and jaunty boogie-woogie numbers. He was also skilled as a guitar player, and possessed a forceful singing voice.[2] Between 1933 and 1935, Roland traveled to New York on three separate occasions, recording around fifty songs under his own name for Banner Records (ARC).[3] In 1933, Roland recorded "Red Cross Store Blues" (variously "Red Cross Blues"), his cynical viewpoint on welfare benefits.[4][5] Amongst his other better known efforts are "No Good Biddie," "Jookit Jookit," "Piano Stomp," "Whatcha Gonna Do," and "Early This Morning."[6]
In addition to his solo output, Roland also recorded as an accompanist for other musicians. For example, the guitarist and singer Sonny Scott recorded fourteen tracks for Vocalion in 1933, all of them backed by Roland.[7] The tracks included two instrumentals ("Guitar Stomp" and "Railroad Stomp"), billed on record as the Jolly Two, where Roland matched Scott's guitar work.[6]
Lucille Bogan was usually accompanied by Roland on piano, although he sometimes played an acoustic guitar backing.[8] She was also in New York in 1933, and, apparently to conceal her identity, began recording as Bessie Jackson for Banner Records. She recorded over 100 songs between 1933 and 1935, including some of her biggest commercial successes such as "Seaboard Blues", "Troubled Mind", and "Superstitious Blues".
During this same period Roland also accompanied Josh White on several tracks.[2]
Bogan's final recordings with Roland and White included two takes of "Shave 'Em Dry", recorded in New York on Tuesday March 5, 1935. The unexpurgated alternate take is notorious for its explicit sexual references, a unique record of the lyrics sung in after-hours adult clubs.[9][10]
Roland did not record beyond this point and, by 1950, had become a farmer, then known by the nicknames of 'Old Soul' and 'Shave 'Em Dry'. In the 1960s, Roland also operated as a street musician for several years, but accidentally lost his sight after intervening in a neighbor's argument, which saw him inadvertently hit by buckshot. In the late 1960s Roland retired to Fairfield, Alabama, and was cared for by his daughters, having earlier being widowed.[1]
He died of lung cancer on October 12, 1972 in Fairfield.[1]
Apart from those musicians mentioned earlier, Roland's songs have been recorded by notables such as Sonny Boy Williamson II, Big Joe Williams, Booker T. Laury, Kim Simmonds, Koerner, Ray & Glover, Fred McDowell, and Lead Belly.[11]
His track "Every Morning Blues" (recorded August 2, 1934, New York), appeared on the 1992 compilation album, Roots 'n Blues: The Retrospective 1925–1950. In 1994, Document Records released a twin set of all of Roland's solo recordings.
| Album title | Record label | Year of release |
|---|---|---|
| Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 1 (1933) | Document Records | 1994 |
| Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 2 (1934-1935) | Document Records | 1994 |